Batch drying in sintering

Drying of calcium carbonate in a batch spouted bed dryer: optimization and kinetics modeling

In the present work, the drying of calcium carbonate in a batch spouted bed dryer with inert particles has been investigated experimentally. The effect of several operating parameters including air temperature (90, 100, and 110 ˚C), air velocity (Ums, 1.2 Ums, and 1.5 Ums), and dry solid mass (5, 10, 20 g) has been studied. The Taguchi method has been applied to determine the optimal parameters...

Model based-monitoring of a non-uniform batch in a freeze-drying process

This paper deals with the freeze-drying of pharmaceuticals in vials and assesses the importance of model-based monitoring of the process; in fact, the vials in the chamber of the freeze-drier can exhibit different behaviors due to radiation effects and fluiddynamics as it has been evidenced by CFD simulations. The curves obtained by traditional Pressure Rise Test (PRT) provide mean values of th...

Drying of Municipal Sewage Sludge: from a Laboratory Scale Batch Indirect Dryer to the Paddle Dryer

Among available technologies, disk and paddle dryers are often encountered in France to process municipal sewage sludge but their thermal design is still a question of know how rather than scientific knowledge. From experiments performed on an industrial Naratherm paddle dryer and the literature, a simple model has been developed. The dryer is divided into two parts depending on the sludge cons...

Magnetic enhancement of thermal conductivity in copper–carbon nanotube composites produced by electroless plating, freeze drying, and spark plasma sintering

BATCH TRANSFERRING IN PRODUCTIONINVENTORY SYSTEMS

In most production-inventory systems, the products are transferred from the production centre to the inventory (warehouse) in subbatchs rather than one at a time. In this paper, mathematical models of such systems for both deterministic and stochastic cases of demand are developed and analysed. Comparison of these new models with the EBQ model shows a considerable loss when applying the ru...